Ibuprofen Can Be Dangerous: Who Should Avoid It? Doctor Answers All Important Questions About This Painkiller

Ibuprofen is one of the most widely used medications for fever, pain, and inflammation worldwide. Its popularity stems from the fact that it is easily available without a prescription, affordable, and highly effective in relieving pain and fever. Generally, it has been considered safe with minimal side effects.

However, in recent years, concerns about ibuprofen’s potential risks have grown. During the COVID-19 pandemic, health experts advised against using ibuprofen for fever management due to its possible adverse effects. Now, the National Health Service (NHS) has issued a warning that certain individuals should completely avoid ibuprofen as it could lead to severe health complications.

What is Ibuprofen?

Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), meaning it does not contain steroids yet helps reduce inflammation, pain, and fever. It is commonly used for headaches, dental pain, muscle pain, and other mild to moderate aches. However, experts like Dr. Himanshu Bhatheja, an internal medicine and infectious disease consultant, emphasize that ibuprofen also has notable side effects, making it unsuitable for certain individuals.

Potential Side Effects of Ibuprofen

Although ibuprofen is effective for pain relief, it is not entirely risk-free. Some individuals may experience mild to severe allergic reactions, including:

• Skin rashes or itching
• Swelling of the face or throat
• Shortness of breath
• Nausea and vomiting
• Dizziness or headaches
• Stomach pain or acidity

If you experience any of these symptoms after taking ibuprofen, seek medical attention immediately.

Who Should Avoid Ibuprofen?

According to Dr. Himanshu Bhatheja, certain people are at higher risk of developing complications from ibuprofen and should avoid using it. These include:

• People with aspirin or NSAID allergies: If you have had allergic reactions to painkillers before, ibuprofen may cause similar issues.
• Individuals with respiratory issues: If ibuprofen triggers breathing difficulties, congestion, or wheezing, it is best to avoid it.
• People with stomach ulcers or acid reflux: Ibuprofen can worsen ulcers and cause gastrointestinal bleeding.
• Pregnant women: Ibuprofen can affect fetal development and should not be used during pregnancy without a doctor’s recommendation.
• Individuals with kidney disease: Long-term use of ibuprofen can impair kidney function, leading to severe complications.
• Elderly people (65+ years): Seniors are more susceptible to side effects such as stomach ulcers, kidney damage, and increased heart risks.
• Children under 6 months: Their digestive and kidney functions are not fully developed, making ibuprofen potentially harmful.

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Common Questions About Ibuprofen

1. Can ibuprofen cause stomach ulcers?

Yes, taking ibuprofen on an empty stomach can lead to ulcers, gas, and even internal bleeding. It is advisable to take it with food or after a light snack to minimize stomach issues.

2. Can ibuprofen damage the kidneys?

Yes, prolonged use of ibuprofen can harm kidney function. Those with pre-existing kidney conditions should avoid it altogether.

3. Does ibuprofen increase the risk of a heart attack?

Yes, research suggests that long-term ibuprofen use can raise blood pressure and increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes. A 2017 study published in the British Medical Journal (BMJ) found that regular ibuprofen users had a higher risk of heart attacks within 30 days of use.

4. Can pregnant women take ibuprofen for pain relief?

No, pregnant women should avoid ibuprofen as it can negatively impact fetal growth. Always consult a doctor before taking any medication during pregnancy.

5. Can children take ibuprofen?

Generally, ibuprofen is safe for children above 17 years. However, pediatric ibuprofen syrups are available for younger children. Always consult a doctor before giving ibuprofen to children.

6. Should ibuprofen be taken for chickenpox?

No, ibuprofen should be avoided in cases of chickenpox as it can worsen skin infections and cause severe reactions. Paracetamol is a safer alternative for fever relief.

7. How can you identify a serious allergic reaction to ibuprofen?

Severe allergic reactions to ibuprofen, though rare, can include:

• Difficulty breathing
• Wheezing and chest tightness
• Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat
• Rapid heartbeat or dizziness
• Sudden fainting or weakness

If you experience any of these symptoms, seek emergency medical help immediately.

Final Thoughts

While ibuprofen is an effective painkiller, it is not suitable for everyone. Understanding its risks and consulting a doctor before use is crucial. If you have a history of stomach ulcers, heart disease, kidney issues, or allergies, it is best to consider safer alternatives. Always follow dosage instructions carefully and never take ibuprofen without medical advice, especially if you belong to a high-risk group.